Uhlelo lokuhlinzeka kwamandla okukude

Ukubuka konke komkhiqizo: Isigaba sesitimela esiqhubekayo semishini yokuphakelwa kwamandla kude ye-DC iyisixazululo samandla we-DC esingaphazamiseki esenzelwe ngokukhethekile amadivayisi wokuxhumana, imishini yokusayina, nezinhlelo zokuqapha ezitimeleni. Imishini yesitimela ‑ imishini efana ne-GSM‑R fiber‑optic repeaters, iziteshi eziyisisekelo ezisatshalaliswe, iziteshi zokudlulisa kwesiginali, namakhamera okuqapha esigabeni-satshalaliswa ekucushweni okufana nomcu kubude obukhulu bomzila wesitimela. Indlela ejwayelekile yokuhlinzeka kwamandla e-AC ibhekana nezinselelo ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi amandla anganele, i-radius yokuhlinzeka kwamandla elinganiselwe, izindawo ezinkulu zekhebula, nezindleko eziphezulu zezimali. Uhlelo lwenzelwe ngokuya nge "Izidingo Zobuchwepheshe Ezijwayelekile ze-DC Long-Distance Supply Powers for Section Communication E. iziqu ”fu futhi zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuphakela amandla amabanga amade we-DC.

Ukubuka konke komkhiqizo: Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla amabanga amade lwemishini yokuqapha ikhamera yisisombululo samandla esikhethekile esenzelwe ukubhekana nezinselelo ezinjalo njengokusakazeka kwamakhamera angaphambili, Amabanga amade okuphakela amandla, kanye nobunzima bokuthola amandla ezinhlelweni zokuqapha zevidiyo. Ezimweni ezifana nemigwaqo emikhulu, amapaki ezimboni ahlakaniphile, amabhuloho nemihubhe, amapayipi kawoyela negesi, Imigudu yokusetshenziswa yasemadolobheni, nezindawo zokuzivikela ezisogwini nasemngceleni, amaphuzu okuqapha avame ukusatshalaliswa ngamaphethini aqondile noma wendawo, ngesikhala se-inter‑station esifinyelela kumakhulu amamitha noma ngisho namakhilomitha ambalwa. Indlela ejwayelekile yokuthola amandla endaweni ibhekana nezinselelo ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi izindleko eziphakeme zokuletha amandla egridi, izikhathi ezinde zokwakha, nokunakekelwa okunzima. Uhlelo lwamukela ukwakhiwa kwamandla kagesi okude kwe-DC noma ukwakhiwa kwamandla amade we-PoE, ngamandla ahlinzekwa kusuka ehhovisi eliphakathi.

Ukubuka Komphakathi komkhiqizo Umngcele kanye nohlelo lokuhlinzeka kwamandla amabanga amade lwasogwini luyisixazululo samandla esingaphandle kwegridi / esikude esenzelwe ngokukhethekile Iziteshi zomsebenzi, kufaka phakathi imingcele, ugu, iziqhingi, izindawo ezingaphandle, neziteshi ze-radar. Umngcele womhlaba waseChina unwebeka amakhilomitha angama-22,800, kanti ugu lwawo ludlula amakhilomitha angama-32,000. Izindawo eziningi zokusebenza zitholakala ezindaweni ezikude kude negridi yamandla, okwenza kube nzima ukuthembela kugesi olujwayelekile lwegridi. Ama-generator e-diesel, okwamanje, abhekana nezinselelo ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi izindleko eziphezulu zokuthutha kaphethiloli, ukungcola komsindo, nokunikezwa okungathembekile ezimweni zezulu ezingezinhle. Uhlelo lubhekana nezidingo eziyinhloko zezimo zokuvikela umngcele kanye nezinhlangano ezifana namaphuzu okuthunyelwa, Izimo ezinzima zemvelo, ukusebenza okungenamuntu, kanye nokuthembeka kwamandla okuphezulu kakhulu ngokusebenzisa umoya namandla elanga.

Ukubuka Komphakathi komkhiqizo uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla okukude lokuqapha amanzi kuyisixazululo samandla esiphakathi esenzelwe ngokukhethekile izinhlelo zokuqapha ngaphandle ku- imboni yezinsizakusebenza zamanzi. Uhlelo lwenzelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nokuqapha ukuphepha kwedamu, umfula amanzi ‑ izinga kanye nokuqapha ukugeleza, Ukufundiswa kwesifunda sokunisela, ukulawulwa kwesango ne-valve kumaphrojekthi wokuhlinzeka kwamanzi kanye namanzi okuhambisa amanzi, kanye nokubukwa kwe-hydrological kanye nokubikezela. Ukubhekana nezinselelo eziyisihluthulelo kufaka phakathi izindawo zokuqapha ezihlakazekile, ubunzima bokufinyelela amandla egridi, indawo eyinkimbinkimbi nezimo zemvelo, nokusebenza okungabheki nokunakekelwa-kuhlinzeka ngokunikezwa kukagesi okuzinzile, okuthembekile, futhi okungaphazanyiswa. Uhlelo lwamukela ngokuguquguqukayo izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene zokuphakelwa kwamandla ngokususelwa ezimweni zesiza ezindaweni zokulondolozwa kwamanzi: kumasayithi anokufinyelela kumandla egridi, isebenzisa isisombululo esinamandla nge-grid nge-backup yebhethri; kumasayithi ngaphandle kwamandla wegridi ....

Ukubuka konke komkhiqizo: Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla amabanga amade lokuqapha nokukhanyisa emapaki ehlathini isixazululo samandla esimaphakathi esenzelwe ikakhulukazi i-sca enkulu. izindawo zemvelo ezifana namapaki ahlathi, izinqolobane zemvelo, nezindawo ezihle. Ukubhekana nezinselelo eziyinhloko zamapaki amahlathi afana nezindawo ezinkulu, izindawo ezihlakazekile, indawo eyinkimbinkimbi, ubunzima bokuxhuma negridi, Kanye nezidingo eziqinile zokuvikela imvelo-uhlelo lusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuphakelwa kwamandla okude kwe-DC noma i-hybrid evuselelekayo. isixazululo samandla ukudlulisa amandla kagesi ngokuphumelelayo kusuka egumbini lemishini emaphakathi noma iphuzu lokuphakelwa kwamandla kuzo zonke izindawo zekhamera yokuqapha, izibani zokukhanyisa, namadivayisi wokuxhumana, ngaleyo ndlela kuvumela ukuphathwa kwamandla okuhlanganisiwe kokuqapha ukuphepha kwepaki nokukhanyisa komhlaba. Uhlelo lunikezwa amandla yimishini yehhovisi eliphakathi (kufaka phakathi

Ukubuka konke komkhiqizo: Imishini yokuhlinzeka kwamandla okukude yeziteshi zezokuxhumana (uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla okukude lwe-DC) isixazululo samandla esikhethekile esenzelwe ukubhekana nezinselelo ezifana nobunzima ekukhethweni kwesiza sesiteshi, Izindleko eziphezulu ezihambisana nokuxhumana kwamandla okusetshenziswa, kanye namandla amakhulu wehla ngaphezulu kokusatshalaliswa kwamandla amabanga amade. Uhlelo luqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: iyunithi yokugcina (imishini eseduze nasekupheleni) kanye neyunithi ekude (imishini yokugcina ekugcineni), ethola ukudluliswa kwamandla amabanga amade ngokusebenzisa izintambo ezihlanganisiwe ze-optical noma izintambo zamandi .. Imishini yamahhovisi emaphakathi iyahlukanisa futhi inyuke ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi we-48 V DC (noma amandla angama-220 V AC mains) ngaphakathi kwegumbi lemishini kuya ku-voltage DC ephezulu ka-250V-410V (namanye amamodeli afinyelela ku-800 V), okuyi udluliselwe nge-cabling endaweni ekude.

Ukubuka konke komkhiqizo: Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla okukude lomgwaqo olude luyisisekelo, Isixazululo sokusabalalisa amandla amabanga amade esenzelwe ngemishini eseceleni komgwaqo emigwaqweni emikhulu. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukudlulisa amandla ajwayelekile e-AC kusuka esiteshini esikhokhelwayo noma igumbi lemishini lezinsizakalo ngokusebenzisa isinyathelo, ukudlulisa, kanye nezinqubo zokwehla-ukudlula amabanga amade kumadivayisi afana namakhamera wokuqapha, izimpawu zemiyalezo eguquguqukayo, izinzwa zezulu, kanye ne-ETC gantries efakwe eceleni komgwaqo, kubanikeza ukunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile nokwethenjelwa. Uhlelo ngokuyinhloko luqukethe izinto ezintathu ezinkulu: imishini yamahhovisi emaphakathi (umkhiqizo wamandla), ikhebula lokudlulisa, kanye nemishini ekude (umguquli wamandla).. Imishini yamahhovisi emaphakathi ithunyelwa eziteshini ezikhokhelwa noma ezindaweni zokukhohlisa emgwaqeni omkhulu ukuhlinzeka ngamandla.

Ukubuka konke komkhiqizo: Uhlelo lokuhlinzeka kwamandla amabanga amade lwe-DC uhlelo lokulethwa kwamandla okukude oludlulisa futhi luthole amandla kagesi we-DC isikhathi eside amabanga ngezintambo zamandla. Uhlelo luqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: imishini yamahhovisi emaphakathi (iyunithi eseduze) kanye nemishini ekude (iyunithi yokugcina.) Imishini yehhovisi emaphakathi iyanyuka futhi iguqule amandla e-AC noma amandla e- −48V DC avela egumbini lemishini ibe yi-voltage ephezulu DC, okube sekudluliselwa emabangeni amade ngekhebula elihlanganisiwe likagesi noma ikhebula lamandla liye ekugcineni. Ekugcineni, imishini ekude yehlela i-voltage DC ephezulu kuma-voltages ajwayelekile adingwa yimithwalo (njenge-DC 48 V, I-AC 220 V, njll.), ukuhlinzeka ngamandla okuzinzile nokwethenjelwa kwemishini yokuxhumana okukude noma amadivayisi wensimu. Lobu buchwepheshe buyaxazulula

Ukubukwa Okuphawuleka komkhiqizo uhlelo lokuhlinzeka kwamandla amabanga amade i-AC kuyivayisi ekhethekile yokuhlinzeka kwamandla okukude ye-AC eyenzelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza njengakho imigwaqo emikhulu neziteshi eziyisisekelo zokuxhumana. Uhlelo luqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: iyunithi emaphakathi (umkhiqizo wamandla wokuhlukanisa) kanye neyunithi elikude (ukuguqulwa kwamandla okuhlukanisa). Ngokusebenzisa inqubo yokudlulisa isinyathelo phansi, iyunithi emaphakathi likhulisa amandla e-AC ajwayelekile kusuka egumbini lemishini kuya ku-voltage AC-ranging kusuka kuma-volts angamakhulu ambalwa kuya ngaphezu kwe- amavolts ayinkulungwane. Le AC enama-voltage ephezulu bese idluliselwa emabangeni amade ngezintambo zamandla esizeni esikude, lapho iyunithi elikude liyibeka phansi futhi lilawule ku-voltage ejwayelekile ye-AC edingwa ngamadivayisi wokulayisha (e. g., I-AC 220V), ngaleyo ndlela inikeze amandla we-AC ezinzile futhi athembekile emishinini ekude. Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla okukude lokuxhumana